Internal-combustion engine.



R. H. OLANDT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE l5, I914.

1,155,%34=.. Patented 001;. 5, 1915.

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R. H. OLANDT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION nuzo JUNE 15. 1914.

1,155,484., Patented Oct. 5, 1915.

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INTEnNAL-ooNBUsTIoN ENGINE.

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To (ZZZ whom it may concern y Be it known that I, ROBERT H. OLANDT, a citizen of the United States,,residing at Long Island City, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements, in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a clear, full, and exactdescrip tion. T I

This invention relates to an improvement in internal combustion engines, and has for its object more particularly an improved construction for the scavenging of such engines of the two-cycle type.

The scope of my invention will be defined in the claims.

With this object in view I have devised an apparatus, a practical embodiment .of which is disclosed in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a sectional view of an engine cylinder of the two-c cle type contain ing the improvement; and Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive are skeleton views showing the different positions of the working parts within the engine cylinder during the diiferent periods of the stroke.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, the engine cylinder is indicated at I having therein the usual working piston 4. The inlet port for the cylinder is indicated at 2 controlled by suitable spring-pressed valve 12; and the outlet port is indicated at 3. The piston 4 is connected to the crank 6 of crank shaft 6 by the usual wrist-pin 10 and a crank connector 5. The outer end of the cylinder 1 opens into a crank casing 15 which completely incloses. the crank 6' and crank connector 5. With an inclosed crank case for the parts as here shown, the well-known splash system of lubrication may be employed; The crank connector 5 is preferably forked as shown, for pm pose to be presently described. 13 indicates the usual ignition device or spark plug for firing the charge within'the cylinder.

Above the working piston 4 is a scavenging follower 7 which, together with the, working piston. acts to expel the products of combustion from the interior of the eviinder after each explosive stroke. The means for operating the follower 7 are pref erably inclosed within the cylinder 1, and in the present embodiment, comprise a slidable guide rod 9 connected to the follower and passing centrally. through the working mama and the wrist pin -10 so tha tg its Specification of Letters Patent.

lower end lies within the forked portions of the crank connector 5. Surrounding the lower end of the rod 9 and adapted to be compressed between the head 12 of said rod 9 and the wrist-pin 10 is a coil spring 11. l 14 indicates projecting lugs from the lower side of said follower to separate the same from the working piston 4. The follower 7 has an opening through the same controlled by spring-pressed valve 8 normally held closed, and which is adapted to be opened in the direction of the piston 4 to permit a charge to enter the space be tween said follower 7 and said piston.

The improvement will be fully understood from the following description of the operation.

Assuming the parts to be in the position shown in Fig. 2 with a combustion charge lying between the follower 7 and working piston 4, an explosion of this charge will cause the parts to take the position shown in Fig; 8. ,The working piston has of course been driven down or outwardly from the cylinder by the charge but the follower has been held in its upper or inner position, compressing the spring 11 to a high degree of tension as shown. As soon as the work ing piston 4 passesthe exhaust port 3, the pressure on the underside of the follower 7 is released and it will descend with great rapidity toward the outer end of the cylinder to the posit-ion'shownin Fig. 4 for expolling the burnt gases. Preferably the working piston has a slight further stroke beyond the exhaust port 3, and the time consumed by the working piston in completingthis extra portion of its stroke'is sufficient to enable the follower 7 to arrive at the position shown in Fig; 4 in time to meet the working piston at the start of its upward travel. The working piston 4,i'n its upward travel carries with it the fol lower 7 as shown in Fig. 5. The follower 7 in its downward travel to the position shown in Fig. 4 drew in by suction a new combustion charge through the valve ,12 and as the parts move upwardly fror'nthe position shown in Fig; 5, this combustion charge is gradually compressed on the upper side of the follower 7. When the follower,

7 however. reaches the upper limit of its Patented (lot. 5, 19115.

Application filed .nmeis, F14. Serial No. 245.042.

travel as shown in Fig. 2, this compressed,

combustion charge has forced itself through the valve 8 so ,as to lieon the underside. of the follower 7 in other words, between the follower 7 and the working piston 4 ready for the starting of a new stroke. This completes the cycle of operation.

It is obvious that many variations and changes may be made in the details of the.

apparatus as shown without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I do not wish my claims to be limited to the exact structure herein illustrated.

What I claim as new is 1. In an internal combustion engine, in

combination, a cylinder, a working piston having a wrist pin and a forked crank con nectcr, a scavenging follower in said cylinder, an exhaust port adapted to be opened after each working stroke of said piston, and means within said cylinder for moving said follower forward after said working stroke of said piston, comprising a guide rod connected to said follower and passing through the wrist pin of said working piston and lying between the forked portions of said crank connector anda coil spring surrounding said rod.

2. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a cylinder, a piston working in said cylinder, a crank, a crank connec- I as soon as said exhaust port is opened.

3. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a cylinder, a piston working in said cylinder, a crank, a crank connector, a scavenging follower in said cylinder, an exhaust port adapted to be opened after each working stroke of said piston, means connecting said piston with said follower comprising a rod fixed to said follower and slidably connected to said piston and a coiled spring carried on said rod and acting between said rod and said piston to cause said follower to expel gases from said cylinder after each working stroke of said piston;

at. In an internal combustion engine, in

' combination, a cylinder, a piston working in said cylinder, a crank, a crank connector pivotally connected between said piston and said crank, a scavenging follower in said cylinder, an exhaust port near the outer end of said cylinder and adapted to be opened during the outward movement of said working piston, and resiliently acting means connecting said piston with said follower arranged within said cylinder for causing said follower to follow said piston in its outward movement as soon as said exhaust port is opened.

5. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a cylinder, a piston working in said cylinder, a crank, a crank connector, a scavenging follower in said cylinder, an exhaust port adapted to be opened after each working stroke of said piston, means connecting said piston with said follower comprising a coiled spring with a supporting rod therefor for causing said follower to follow the piston after each working stroke of said piston to expel the gases from said cylinder through said exhaust port.

6. In an internal combustion engine, in

combination, a cylinder, a piston working in said cylinder, a crank, a crank connector pivotally connected between said piston and said crank, a scavenging follower in said cylinder, an inlet port at the inner end of said cylinder, an exhaust port near the outer end of said cylinder adapted to be uncovered by said piston during its outward movement, and means arranged within said cylinder upon the side of said follower remote from the inlet port for causing said follower to follow said piston in its outward movement as soon as said exhaust port is opened to draw in a charge through said inlet port and to expel gases through said exhaust port.

7 In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a cylinder, a piston working in said cylinder, a crank, a crank connector pivotally connected between said piston and said crank, a scavenging follower in said cylinder, an inlet port at the inner end of said cylinder, a valve adapted to open through said follower in the direction of said piston to admit a charge between said follower and said piston, an exhaust port near the outer end of said cylinder adapted to be uncovered by said piston during its outward movement, and means arranged within said cylinder upon the side of said follower remote from the inlet port for causing said follower to follow said piston in its outward movement as soon as said exhaust port is opened to draw in a charge through said inlet port and expel gases through said exhaust port.

' 8. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a cylinder, a piston working in said cylinder, a crank, a crank connector between said piston and crank, an inclosing crank case for completely inclosing said crank and connector, a scavenging follower .in said cylinder between which and the piston the charge is exploded, an exhaust port adapted to be opened after the working stroke of said piston, and means arranged within said cylinder upon the piston side of said follower for actuating said follower after eachworking stroke of said piston to expel the gases from said cylinder.

9. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a cylinder, a piston working in said cylinder, a crank, a crank'connector between sald piston and crank,an inclosing crank case for completely incloslng said crank and connector, a scavenging follower in said cylinder between which and the piston the charge is exploded, an exhaust port adapted to be opened after the working stroke of said piston, and resiliently acting means connecting said piston with said follower arranged within said cylinder for effecting a relative movement of approach a of said follower and said piston after. each working stroke of said piston to expel the gases from said cylinder.

10; In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a cylinder, piston working in said cylinder, a crank, a crank connector between said piston and crank, an inclosing crank case for completely inclosing said crank and connector, a scavenging follower .in said cylinder between which and the piston the charge is exploded, an exhaust port adapted to be opened after the working stroke of said piston, and means connecting said piston with said follower comprising a coiled spring with a supporting rod therefor arranged within said cylinder for effecting a relative movement of approach of said follower and said piston after each working stroke of said piston to expel the gases from said cylinder.

11. In an internal combustion engine, in

Copies of this patent may be obtained for to approach the piston and eject the burnt gases between the piston and follower.

12. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a cylinder, a piston working in said cylinder, a scavenging follower in said cylinder between which and said piston the charge is exploded, an exhaust port arranged to be opened between the piston and the follower as said piston completes its powertransmitting stroke, and resilientmeans connectingsaid follower and said piston and arranged to be tensioned by the separation thereof when the charge is exploded in order that it may effect a relative approach of said pistonand said follower to eject the burnt gases when the exhaust port is opened.

Signed at New York city, New York this 13 day of June 1914.

ROBERT H. OLANDT.

Witnesses BEATRICE MIRvIs, FLORENCE JAcKsoN.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

